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Phenothiazinium Dyes Are Active against Trypanosoma cruzi In Vitro

Identifieur interne : 000541 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000540; suivant : 000542

Phenothiazinium Dyes Are Active against Trypanosoma cruzi In Vitro

Auteurs : Gisele Bulh Es Portapilla [Brésil] ; Luiz Miguel Pereira [Brésil] ; Cássia Mariana Bronzon Da Costa [Brésil] ; Maiara Voltarelli Providello [Brésil] ; Pedro Alexandre Sampaio Oliveira [Brésil] ; Amanda Goulart [Brésil] ; Naira Ferreira Anchieta [Brésil] ; Mark Wainwright [Royaume-Uni] ; Gilberto Bida Leite Braga [Brésil] ; Sérgio De Albuquerque [Brésil]

Source :

RBID : PMC:6637691

Abstract

Chagas disease is a tropical illness caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi. The disease affects populations of the Americas and has been spread to other continents due to the migration process. The disease is partially controlled by two drugs, Benznidazole and Nifurtimox. These molecules are active in the acute phase of the infection but are usually ineffective during the symptomatic chronic phase. Several research groups have developed novel candidates to control Chagas disease; however, no novel commercial formulation is available. In this article, we described the anti-T. cruzi effects of phenothiazinium dyes in amastigote and trypomastigote forms of the parasite. Methylene Blue, New Methylene Blue, Toluidine Blue O, and 1,9-Dimethyl Methylene Blue inhibited the parasite proliferation at nanomolar concentrations and also demonstrated low toxicity in host cells. Moreover, combinations of phenothiazinium dyes indicated a synergic pattern against amastigotes compared to the Benznidazole counterparts. Phenothiazinium dyes levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decreased the mitochondrial potential in trypomastigotes, indicating the mechanism of action of the dyes in T. cruzi. Our article offers a basis for future strategies for the control of Chagas disease using low-cost formulations, an important point for endemic underdeveloped regions.


Url:
DOI: 10.1155/2019/8301569
PubMed: 31355283
PubMed Central: 6637691


Affiliations:


Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)


Le document en format XML

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<name sortKey="Sampaio Oliveira, Pedro Alexandre" sort="Sampaio Oliveira, Pedro Alexandre" uniqKey="Sampaio Oliveira P" first="Pedro Alexandre" last="Sampaio Oliveira">Pedro Alexandre Sampaio Oliveira</name>
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<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">
<p>Chagas disease is a tropical illness caused by the protozoan
<italic> Trypanosoma cruzi</italic>
. The disease affects populations of the Americas and has been spread to other continents due to the migration process. The disease is partially controlled by two drugs, Benznidazole and Nifurtimox. These molecules are active in the acute phase of the infection but are usually ineffective during the symptomatic chronic phase. Several research groups have developed novel candidates to control Chagas disease; however, no novel commercial formulation is available. In this article, we described the anti-
<italic>T. cruzi </italic>
effects of phenothiazinium dyes in amastigote and trypomastigote forms of the parasite. Methylene Blue, New Methylene Blue, Toluidine Blue O, and 1,9-Dimethyl Methylene Blue inhibited the parasite proliferation at nanomolar concentrations and also demonstrated low toxicity in host cells. Moreover, combinations of phenothiazinium dyes indicated a synergic pattern against amastigotes compared to the Benznidazole counterparts. Phenothiazinium dyes levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decreased the mitochondrial potential in trypomastigotes, indicating the mechanism of action of the dyes in
<italic> T. cruzi</italic>
. Our article offers a basis for future strategies for the control of Chagas disease using low-cost formulations, an important point for endemic underdeveloped regions.</p>
</div>
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